A 44-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with bilateral vision loss and bilateral retinal central vein occlusion was detected. The patient was consulted to internal medicine and cardiology departments to investigate the etiology. Blood pressure, sedimentation rate, blood glucose, lipid profile, plasma protein electrophoresis, blood biochemistry, thyroid function tests, homocysteine, Protein C and S resistance, factor V Leiden mutation, rheumatoid factor, anti-nuclear antibody, serum angiotensin converting enzyme, syphilis antibodies, electrocardiogram, carotid Doppler ultrasonography and urinary system ultrasonography were investigated. Primary hypertension was detected in the patient and other results were negative. Etiology should be extensively investigated, especially in patients with bilateral retinal vein occlusion and patients with retinal vein occlusion under the age of 50.