Recurrence Rate of Primary Superficial Bladder Tumors (Uroepithelial Tumors) at 2-Year Follow-up and Its Relationship with Smoking
1İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, İzmir, Turkey
2İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, İstanbul, Turkey
Eur Arch Med Res 2019; 35(2): 92-97 DOI: 10.4274/eamr.galenos.2018.14892
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Abstract

Objective: In this study, we investigated recurrence rates of primary superficial bladder tumors (uroepithelial tumors) at 2-year follow-up and its relationship with smoking.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 542 patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor for primary bladder tumor between 2006 and 2011 in our clinic. Our study included 105 patients with superficial bladder tumors, who had 2-year follow-up and ≤3 cm tumors in up to 3 foci. Data regarding age, gender, smoking, tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor size, number of tumors, postoperative early chemotherapy, induction bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), adjuvant chemotherapy, recurrence within 2 years and time to recurrence were analyzed. Exposure to cigarette smoking was grouped as ≥20, 30, 40 pack years.

Results: Recurrence was detected in 23 patients (21.9%). There were 94 (89.5%) smokers and 11 (10.5%) non-smokers. In multivariate analysis using logistic regression, T category, 6-week intravesical BCG, <60 years of age and ≥20 pack year cigarette exposure were found to be effective parameters on recurrence (p=0.022, p=0.042, p=0.011, p=0.042, respectively).

Conclusion: Multivariate analysis of our study revealed that ≥20 pack years of smoking shortened recurrence-free survival. Evaluation of long-term results of existing therapies and development of new treatment modalities are needed to better identify risk factors for recurrence of bladder tumors.